Digicel seeks OTT and Ad Revenue and Why Boosting Postpaid Sales is the Answer

Telecom Providers are seeking to generate more revenue in the countries they operate. This as most of them tend to be heavy on Prepaid Customer and not postpaid

So they want a greater share of OTT and Advertising sales as pointed out by Digicel’s Chairman, Denis O’Brien in the article “Digicel Wants Telecoms To Get A Share Of Internet Revenues”, published Saturday July 22, 2017, The Jamaica Gleaner. 

 

Denis O’Brien made these comments while speaking at the 17th Global Symposium for Regulators in Nassau, Bahamas in early July 2017. Regulators from over 60 countries were in the audience, so his message was clearly pitched towards them.

His view is that telecoms operators need to be given a share of revenues from advertising and over-the-top (OTT) services. OTT is streaming video and audio content such that Netflix that bypasses cable or satellite operators.

His idea is that tapping into the extra markets can fund further expansion of broadband networks in developing countries. After all, the purchase of telecoms licenses, paying for spectrum and then having to pay taxes as a percentage of revenues reduces the funds available to expand as rapidly as they would want to satisfy demand.

But is this the way to go?

Digicel want OTT and Advertising Money - International Regulators might take the bait

It may just be, actually.

Were the International Regulators to allow Telecom Providers to tap into OTT and Advertising, this would be a game-changer for Digicel and FLOW. It could make their 4G LTE Networks profitable, especially FLOW's soon-to-be-launched LTE Network as hinted in my Geezam blog article entitled “FLOW Lyf Increased Free Data for Prepaid & Postpaid heralds Unlimited LTE”.

It would also justify future investments in faster technologies such as 5G which CWC is already testing in Barbuda as noted in my Geezam blog article entitled “CWC first Caribbean LTE-A Pro trial in Antigua heralds 2 to 5 Gbps 5G Networks”.

If this appeal sits well with regional government, we may see streaming of Digicel Play content and Digicel advertisements in our apps.

Revenue from ads and OTT – Focus on Postpaid Sales needed to push new ventures

So Digicel interest in making money from online advertising on phones in the region may be a part of a long-term plan that goes beyond more than just building out bigger Telecom Networks.

It may be the first signs of them transitioning away from being a Mobile company to an Internet based company, building revenue on apps and content rather than just providing service as explained my Geezam blog article entitled “Why Digicel More may woo Jamaican Developers with Advertising partnerships”.

Already Telecom Provider Digicel had blocked Advertising from Search giant Google as reported in my Geezam blog article entitled “Why Digicel blocking Google ads may be the rise of Digicel App World”. 

As for making more money from OTT, it would help their Digicel Play Network to expand beyond the Caribbean, as they could launch in countries around the world, increasing their current numbers as noted in my Geezam blog article entitled “Digicel Play has 35,000 customers as FLOW Jamaica Horizon fails to impress”.

Still, both Telecom Providers need to boost sales for Postpaid services on Mobile, which is non-existent in both companies. If there is no love for Postpaid services, then they will have little uptake for Postpaid OTT services and advertising in app, especially as Jamaicans and Caribbean Nationals hardly download apps anyway. 

Focus on Sales to boost Postpaid services, and everything else will fall into place.

How US Army Research Laboratory made nano-aluminium alloy that produces Hydrogen from Water

Hydrogen is the fuel of the future. But to produce Hydrogen has required Electrolysis, which means power, be it from fossil fuels or Solar power, has to be used to make Hydrogen, adding to the cost of this wonder fuel.

So it's quite interesting to note the discovery by US Army Research Laboratory at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland in January 2017 of an aluminium alloy that reacts with water and produces Hydrogen gas as reported in the article “Nano aluminium offers fuel cells on demand – just add water”, published 3 August 2017, By David Hambling, New Scientist. 

The discovery was made by US Army Research Laboratory at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland while testing a new, high-strength aluminium alloy. When water was added to the material during routine testing, it started bubbleing and gave of a gas. This gas proved to be Hydrogen.

The accidental discovery of what is effectively a Hydrogen-producing metal catalyst in the form of this aluminium alloy may be the first step to reviving the struggling hydrogen economy as pointed out in my blog article entitled “Whither the Hydrogen Economy for Jamaica”.

It could potentially make Hydrogen Fuel cells portable, providing an alternative to Li-Ion batteries and liquid fuels. For us Jamaicans is could mean Hydrogen replacing LPG Cooking Gas by improving on the research done by UTECH as noted in my blog article entitled “UTECH and Hydrogen as Cooking Gas – How Hydride Salts make Hydrogen Cooking Gas and Fuel Cells possible”. 

So how did the US Army Research Laboratory make this aluiminium alloy?

US Army Research Laboratory and Hydrogen - Aluminium Alloy Just a Bubble with Hydrogen

First thing for my chemistry students, aluminum doesn't normally react like this.

It usually reacts in the presence of Oxygen to produce an oxide coat that prevents further reaction as follows:

Al_(s) + O_2(g) → Al₂O_3(s)

When aluminium powder is reacted with water it also liberates Hydrogen from Water, producing Aluminum Hydroxide Al₂(OH)₆ as a byproduct.

2Al_(s) + 6H₂O_(l) → Al₂(OH)_6(s) + 3H_2(g)

Good to note that aluminum doesn’t react readily with water due to its protective oxide coat; energy, such as via heating with a Bunsen burner, has to be added to coax the reaction to occur.

Also the use of a proton donor, such as an acid or a base, a proton acceptor, can be used to accelerate the reaction, as pointed out in the video below.

However, a third method, not often discussed in most chemistry classes, involves increasing the surface area of the aluminium and breaking up the protective oxide coat. By simply making the

 Aluminium into a powdered nanomaterial via special milling processes, you can increase the surface area of the aluminium to make it more reactive i.e. powdered or so-called nanoparticles of aluminium.

Good to note too that Hydrogen gas does evolve (He, Hu, Kang, Li and Zeng, 2013) during the extraction of Aluminium from molten Aluminium Oxide via electrolysis, though Hydrogen gas is treated more as a problem than a solution.

This alloy differs from these examples above as instead of forming a stable oxide or salt that halts the reaction, it just kept reacting. 

But the reasons are similar; the aluminium in that case is alloyed with other impurities and due to the high temperature, is very reactive. Moreover, the aluminium and its impurities become arranged in regular crystalline patterns thanks to electron flow due to the electrolysis process.

This is the case also with the aluminium alloy US Army Research Laboratory; it’s fused with one or more other metals arranged in a particular nanostructure in a regular pattern, resembling salt crystals.

This is different from how most metals are composed, which is usually of metal cations surrounded by a sea of electrons, with the metal cations randomly arranged. In this case, the aluminum and the other metal making up the alloy are arranged in a lattice structure similar to graphite, thus resulting in each aluminum atom being surrounded by no more than three other metal atoms.

The result is a nano-structure that is continuously reactive to water, as it doesn’t permanently bind to Oxygen, the original intent of the US Army Research Laboratory; a light weight rust proof aluminium alloy. Adding water to this aluminium in such a highly reactive state results in aluminium oxide or hydroxide and hydrogen.

Clearly, you can see where this is going; Hydrogen Fuel cells and Batteries that last forever.

Nano-particles of aluminium - Practical Fuel Cells and a Solution to the Hydrogen Economy

This folks, is basically nano-particles of aluminium in a fixed crystalline lattice structure acting as a catalyst to produce hydrogen.

In my book, this is a big improvement on using Iron and Nickel Oxide electrodes for electrolysis as explained in my blog article entitled “@Stanford University Nickel-Iron Electrolysis Electrodes – How Oxides of Iron and Nickel herald Cheaper Electrodes All-Electric Vehicle”
, as the battery has been eliminated from the equation.

Not only that, Water and aluminium are easy to transport and the reaction occurs at room temperature and is 100% efficient as confirmed by team leader for the US Army Research Laboratory Scott Grendahl, quote: “Ours does it to nearly 100 per cent efficiency in less than 3 minutes”.

This means Hydrogen Fuel cells can be designed without having to use Hydride salt to store Hydrogen as explained in my blog article entitled  “Apple files patent for Hydrogen Fuel cell – Why Portable Hydrogen Fuel Cells needed to cut the Analog Power Cord”. 

This process can produce hydrogen as needed. A solution to the transportation problem that has hampered the developement of the Hydrogen Economy, to quote physicist Anit Giri: “The problem with hydrogen is always transportation and pressurisation”.

This may be the miracle breakthrough needed in the Battery tech world as noted by Anthony Kucernak, a fuel cells researcher at Imperial College London, quote: “The important aspect of the approach is that it lets you make very compact systems. That would be very useful for systems which need to be very light or operate for long periods on hydrogen, where the use of hydrogen stored in a cylinder is prohibitive.”

Batteries lighter than the current Li-Ion and with higher power densities is possible, remaining stable for longer periods of time. Best of all, it could be used as a mean of recycling aluminium, as the nano-structure aluminium alloy can be made from scrap aluminium.

References

He H, Hu Z., Kang M., Li D, Zeng, J. (October 2013). Nanostructure of aluminum oxide inclusion and formation of hydrogen bubbles in molten aluminum. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24245169

Oak Ridge National Laboratory detected Neutrinos hitting Atomic Nuclei and how to detect Dark Matter

“They’re the most mysterious type of particle we know of”

Dr Juan Collar, a physicist at the University of Chicago working at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee

Neutrinos are tiny subatomic particles that interact so weakly with matter that they pass through the entire planet then fly silently back into the cosmos. However, it seems that that trillions of them that pass through the earth every day do interact with the Nucleus of atoms.

Physicist Juan Collar and a group of Scientist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee have observed this interaction with the nucleus as reported in the article “Physicist capture the elusive Neutrino smacking into an Atom's Core”, published 08.03.17 by Sophia Chen, Wired.

This process, called coherent elastic scattering, was observed using a toaster-sized detector made of cesium iodide (CeI) crystals. They observed their apparatus over a 15 month period during which trillions of neutrinos through the apparatus, detecting neutrinos interacting with the nucleus of the cesium iodide atoms in their crystal lattice 134 times.

In the interaction, the Neutrino would produce 10 photons’ worth of dim light, literally shedding light on the nature of these elusive particles and potentially opening up a pathway to studying Dark Matter. This is interesting to me, as according to the Standard Model, Neutrinos should have no mass, albeit in 1998, physicists found that neutrinos do indeed have mass.

So where did they get so many neutrinos to fit through their itty-bitty apparatus? And why did they succeed when other larger detectors have failed?

Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Neutrinos - How to use a Toaster to catch coherent elastic scattering in Sub-atomic particles

Neutrinos and nuclei are quantum mechanical particles. Long considered massless they have never been observed to interact with matter.

But when they get close, the transfer energy to a particle called a Z boson, which then goes on to interact with the Nucleus of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons. The Nucleus, however, vibrates upon the impact of these particles, recoils and releases energy in the form of photons. It is these photons that Juan Collar and his team at Oak Ridge National Laboratory detected.

To make sure that their experimental result was not the result of random Cosmic Noise and Neutrinos just passing through earth as usual, they put 20 feet of steel and a hundred feet of concrete and gravel between the detector and the neutrino source. The S/N Ratio was thus increased, reducing the odds that the signal was due to random noise by 1 in 3.5 million, making their discovery one for the history books.

Coherent elastic scattering has long been predicted by the Standard Model; this is the first time an experiment has been done that observes this rare phenomenon. It also proves that Neutrinos do indeed have mass, and quite enough to coax the nucleus of cesium iodide (CeI) crystals to produce photons.

So what does this mean for subatomic particles in general?

Neutrinos and Dark Matter - Neutrino variants studied and Dark Matter via Neutrino Traps

Oak Ridge National Laboratory can adapt their apparatus to study other sub-atomic particles that defy the Standard model. Such particles include other members of the neutrino family:

1.      Sterile neutrino

2.      Electron neutrino

3.      Tau neutrino

4.      Muon neutrino

The detector could allow the neutrino to travel a longer distance through air before reaching the detector; if fewer collisions are detected, it may be evidence of sterile neutrinos. It can also be used to detect Dark Matter, which makes up 23% of the observable universe aside from regular baryonic matter i.e. protons, electrons, etc but like Neutrinos interact very little with the nuclei of atoms.

First, though, Physicists would have to figure out how to filter out particles that basically travel through everything to detect the even more elusive particles. One idea is to create a Neutrino trap.

This can be done by ionizing Hydrogen atoms arranged in a crystal lattice at 0 Kelvin (-273 C), a form of hydrogen called Metallic Hydrogen. This hydrogen then deliberately colliding them with neutrinos in a very strong magnetic field and at 0 Kelvin (-273 C) temperatures. 

The interaction should trap the neutrinos, Z Boson as well as photons emitted; anything coming form that bubbleing quantum soup of subatomic particles should be Dark Matter.....or something new that physicists’ have yet to detect.

Still, this discovery of coherent elastic scattering using apparatus no bigger than a Toaster Oven should open up the door for the design of similar detectors to fill in the holes in the Standard Model!

 

US$300 mil market for JCIA and JAMPRO Factory Standard Jamaican Black Castor Oil

Forget about discovering oil; Jamaican Black Castor Oil and commercial grade castor oil may be worth some US$300 million.

So says Interim president of JCIA (Jamaica Castor Industry Association), Joel Harris at a JCIA/JAMPRO sponsored Castor Oil Production workshop as reported in the article “US$100m Market Beckons For Jamaican Black Castor Oil”, Published Wednesday July 26, 2017 by Avia Collinder, The Jamaica Gleaner.

The Workshop, which was held on Tuesday, July 25^th, 2017 focused on making the production of Castor Oil more industrial. This is as opposed to labour intensive methods employed which include:

1.      Picking

2.      Threshing

3.      Roasting

4.      Boiling

5.      Pulping with mortar and pestle

6.      Boiling to obtain the oil

Such an industrial-scale process has the advantage of:

1.      Improving margins

2.      Reducing inefficiencies

3.      Promoting consistency of quality among providers

Developing such standards for a factory process could position processors to reliably supply foreign markets.

Castor Oil Production Standard needed to tap foreign Markets

The demand is huge in the USA, according to Joel Harris, quote:  “Research shows a demand of between US$100 million between the United States and the UK, and US$200 million in Africa”.

This can be seen from the high prices of Castor Oil both locally and in the USA:

1.      JA$1,000 for the 4 oz

2.      JA$1,600 for the 8 oz

3.      US$8 to US$9 for the 4 oz in the USA

With a growing market for Jamaican Black Castor Oil and commercial grade castor oil, of US$300 million or more based on the demand by communities of African descent and Latino markets mainly for cosmetic purposes, the sky is the limit. Our only competitor is India but Jamaican Black Castor Oil is world renown, like our Blue Mountain Coffee.

Jamaican Black Castor Oil has a dark colour, the results of roasting the beans. So JCIA/JAMPRO initiative is two-fold; increase the number of Castor Farmers as well as improve the product quality via the introduction of an industrial process.

Jamaican Black Castor Oil –JCIA and JAMPRO’s industry standards to net US$300 million

The workshop was aimed at JCIA's 120 individual members and community group heads. The aim is to not only educate oil producers but establish industry standards and tap the collective knowledge of members.

Joel Harris's own company, Shavuot Limited of Winters Pen in St Catherine, is actively involved in the production of Castor Oil. Aside from producing two 55-gallon drums on a monthly basis, they also have been selling and marketing herbal teas and spices under the Shavuot brand for the past two (2) years.

Joel Harris own experience should be motivation enough; his operation is profitable two (2) months after investing some $3 million in the start-up for the castor oil segment of his business. He benefits from the more efficient mechanical process, which yields 19.42% to 38.84% oil as pointed out by JCIA trainer and CEO of Temple Foods in Portland, Noel Terrier.

The trash is not wasted; it can be used to make Biofuel as pointed out in my blog article entitled “PCJ, UTECH develop Castor Oil-based Biodiesel to reduce Oil imports by 97,000 barrels”. 

I hope that in planting more land to grow Castor Oil, the PCJ and UTECH also develope the tech to recycle Cooking Oil, thereby creating Biofuel from Castor Oil and Waste Cooking Oil Blends that can reduce Jamaica’s Oil Importation!!

How Pepsi-Cola Jamaica rules the Jamaican Summer with Pepsi Ginger

“While we are not able to share our R&D spend, we can say that it is a significant part of our annual investment to grow the business”

Pepsi marketing manager for Jamaica, Mitchell Watson, commenting on the new Pepsi Ginger

Pepsi Ginger is now a thing in Jamaica!!!

Pepsi-Cola Jamaica Bottling Company Limited has introduced new this summer on Saturday July 2nd 2017 as reported in the article “Pepsi Cola Jamaica launches new flavour – Pepsi Ginger”, published Saturday, July 22, 2017, The Jamaica Observer. 

Here is the product launched by Brand Ambassador Shenseea in this spiffy Golden ad.

Jamaica, @pepsijamaica and @shenseea want you to #TastePureGold. It's time to #GetGingered with #PepsiGinger pic.twitter.com/iRH3tuueNS

— Pepsi Jamaica (@pepsijamaica) July 22, 2017

Along with the new Ginger-laced product, they also made some other drinks to tap into the Health-conscious market:

1.      100% orange juice under the Tropicana brand

2.      Pineapple ginger and passion fruit, under the Fresh Fruit label.

3.      Pepsi Ginger under the Pepsi-Cola Jamaica label

Pepsi-Cola Jamaica, which exports to the Caribbean and Belize, made this flavour especially for us alone as noted in “Pepsi Jamaica Adds Spice To Portfolio”, published Sunday July 23, 2017 by Avia Collinder, The Jamaica Gleaner.

Only the United Kingdom get to sip some of what we got since March 2017 and their is called Pepsi Max Ginger. Pepsi marketing manager for Jamaica, Mitchell Watson, is hoping Pepsi Ginger will be the Flavour of the Summer, quote: “We've timed Pepsi Ginger to coincide with summer when people are looking for fresh new experiences. We are not able to share sales data, but we are optimistic that Pepsi Ginger will result in an increase in sales”.

With Shenseea on board working the same magic as she did as FLOW Jamaica’s FLOW Lyf Brand Ambassador as noted in my Geezam blog article “FLOW Lyf Increased Free Data for Prepaid & Postpaid heralds Unlimited LTE”, I’m sure success is assured.

What caught my eye was that Pepsi Gigner was made with real Jamaica Ginger. Jamaica has the potential to conquer the Ginger Marker as noted in my blog article entitled “Ministry of Agriculture say Ginger can achieve 5% of Global demand by 2019”.

In fact, our local ginger may give Pepsi-Cola Jamaica and edge over international competitor Coca-Cola who also produces a ginger cola.

Expect more products, as Pepsi-Cola Jamaica, with revenues of US$63 billion annually and some 22 brands, including Frito-Lay, Quaker, Gatorade, Pepsi, and Tropicana in more than 200 countries and territories, plans to roll out more products made with Jamaican ingredients.

PCJ, UTECH develop Castor Oil-based Biodiesel to reduce Oil imports by 97,000 barrels

The PCJ has ambitions to cut our use of Imported by switching to biodiesel made from Castor Oil.

So says group head of PCJ, Winston Watson at the Alternative Energy Expo, held June 16-17 in New Kingston as published in the article “UTech To Refine Castor Fuel Formula For PCJ” published Sunday June 25, 2017, by Sashana Small, The Jamaica Gleaner.  

At the Alternative Energy Expo, held June 16-17 in New Kingston, he stated that Biofuel made from Castor oil could save Jamaica a lot on Diesel, quote: “….approximately $633 million annually on our energy bills while also giving our local agricultural sector a boost”.

Castor Oil as Biodiesel – PCJ’s Agenda from Alternative Energy Expo 2016 for Vision 2020

This is not a new idea; I’ve already mentioned the possibility of Biodiesel being made from Castor Oil in my MICO Wars Blog article entitled “Castor Oil from the Oil Nut Tree is a Future Biofuel for Jamaica”.

The PCJ's blend of Castor Oil-based Biodiesel, referred to as B5, as it has a 5% blend of Diesel and Castor Oil-based Biodiesel, can potential reduce imported Oil by 97,000 barrels. Via a partnership with UTECH, who will provide technical support services, B5 will be further refined and perfected.

The biofuels project include several agencies, namely:

1.      PCJ

2.      Bodles Agricultural Research Station

3.      CARDI (Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute)

4.      UTECH

The PCJ has since adjusted that figure to $540 million as noted in the article “Biodiesel From Locally-Grown Castor Seeds Could Save Country Over $500m Annually – PCJ”, published Thursday August 3, 2017, The Jamaica Gleaner.

I'm personally impressed as Biodiesel was on PCJ Agenda at their last Alternative Energy Expo in 2016 along with Hydroelectric Power as part of their Alternative Energy towards Vision 2020 as noted in my blog article entitled “Why Biodiesel and Hydroelectric Power at PCJ's Alternative Energy Expo a must before 2020”. 

So how does UTECH factor into the developement of this Castor Oil-based Biodiesel?

PCJ and UTECH Castor Oil-based Biodiesel – B5 can replace 97,000 barrels of imported Oil

According to PCJ project engineer for biofuels Niconor Reece, approximately $17.5 million has been invested in small-scale biodiesel research in Jamaica. The PCJ in partnership with UTECH, plans to source its castor oil locally, through the JCIA (Jamaica Castor Industry Association).

Using this fuel standard set by the Bureau of Standard Jamaica that came into effect in 2013 under the Petroleum Quality Control Act, successful vehicular tests have already been conducted to quote PCJ Corporate Affairs and Communication Manager Camille Taylor: “Research in the alternative-energy industry has always been ongoing at the PCJ, but recently, we have had successful vehicular trials using biodiesel made from castor oil. We have already developed the formula. What we are expecting is that UTech, being a learning and research institution, will conduct further tests and further refine the formula”.

Already biodiesel-blended fuels are being used by the National Bakery as noted in “Running on Greens”, published Sunday March 4, 2012 by Christopher Serju, Sunday Gleaner Writer, The Jamaica Gleaner. 

University of the West Indies via Dr Michael Coley of the Department of Chemistry in the Faculty of Science and Technology, at the University of the West Indies and a NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) YCWJ (Youth Crime Watch Jamaica) have already embarked on recycling Cooking Oil as noted in my blog article entitled “UWI and YCWJ team up to Recycle Waste Cooking Oil - How to make National Bio-Diesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil”.

So when will Castor Oil-based Biodiesel be introduced to the public?

The PCJ would go this route via a public-private partnership (PPP) based on the work done by UTech. Guinea pigs are welcome apparently; Companies with large fleets of vehicles liking to save on fuel costs are being invited to adopt biodiesel-blended fuel….and recycled cooking oil may literally be a part of that blend!

Total Solar Eclipse on August 21st needs NASA Citizen Scientists around the World

August 21^st 2017 is going to be special for Astronomy buffs!!

That's because there is a total solar eclipse scheduled to occur on that day!

#Eclipse2017 happens in less than a month--Aug. 21, 2017! Learn how, where, and when to watch at https://t.co/K29zBFAvh4 pic.twitter.com/bS8Gj7d6Y8

— NASA (@NASA) July 30, 2017

It's expected to sweep across most of the United States of America and Jamaicans can get to see it a well. Please note never look directly at the Sun during an eclipse or any other time, as this may cause permanent damage to your eyes.

It’s never safe to look directly at the Sun! Protect your eyes during the upcoming #Eclipse2017 on Aug. 21. Details: https://t.co/BBlaGRjS2T pic.twitter.com/eUn3QGZbTx

— NASA (@NASA) July 30, 2017

NASA scientists plans to collect data via citizen scientists around the world on how much cooler the Earth gets during an  eclipse by measuring temperature and cloud cover. They can follow the instructions and upload their readings at https://observer.globe.gov/.

We’re inviting YOU to participate in a nationwide science experiment during the Aug 21 #Eclipse2017 in the US. Info: https://t.co/nu4VPzUiOB pic.twitter.com/yywnDU1wdd

— NASA (@NASA) July 31, 2017

In the meantime while you wait on this exciting event, you can scope out NASA's Tumblr blog Five Eclipses in NASA History https://nasa.tumblr.com/post/163676081264/five-eclipses-in-nasa-history on previous solar eclipses.

Solar eclipses are a chance to study the Sun & Earth in unique ways. Here's a look at notable eclipses: https://t.co/HTghH4SliD #Eclipse2017 pic.twitter.com/MzgtSl4SJk

— NASA (@NASA) August 1, 2017

August 21^st cannot come quick enough. Make sure you have protective eyewear so that you can look at the Sun safely while being citizen scientists for NASA!

https://observer.globe.gov/